NameEmily Elizabeth DICKINSON
Birth10 Dec 1830, Amherst, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, USA
Death1886, Amherst, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, USA
Never married
Misc. Notes
She was a noted American poet. She lived a mostly introverted and reclusive life. She was educated in classical literature, Latin, mathematics, history and botany at Amherst Academy from 7 Sep 1840 until 1847. After she studied at the Amherst Academy, she spent a short time at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary before returning to her family’s house in Amherst. Thought of as an eccentric by the locals, she became known for her penchant for white clothing and her reluctance to greet guests or, later in life, even leave her room. Most of her friendships were therefore carried out by correspondence. Although Dickinson was a prolific private poet, fewer than a dozen of her nearly eighteen hundred poems were published during her lifetime. The work that was published during her lifetime was usually altered significantly by the publishers to fit the conventional poetic rules of the time. Dickinson's poems are unique for the era in which she wrote; they contain short lines, typically lack titles, and often use slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation. Many of her poems deal with themes of death and immortality, two recurring topics in letters to her friends. Although most of her acquaintances were probably aware of Dickinson’s writing, it was not until after her death in 1886--when Lavinia, Emily’s younger sister, discovered her cache of poems--that the breadth of Dickinson’s work became apparent. Her first collection of poetry was published in 1890 by personal acquaintances Thomas Wentworth Higginson and Mabel Loomis Todd, both of whom heavily edited the content. A complete and mostly unaltered collection of her poetry became available for the first time when “The Poems of Emily Dickinson” was published by scholar Thomas H. Johnson. Despite unfavorable reviews and skepticism of her literary prowess during the late 19th and early 20th century, critics now consider Dickinson to be a major American poet.