Nine Generations

Karin Elise Hongladarom

Parents

Earl Grant Adolphson

Parents

Grant Edson Adolphson

Grant Adolphson

Parents

Biographical Details

1976	Birth	Grant Edson Adolphson was born on 4 August 1976 in Spokane, Spokane County, Washington.
2002	Graduation	He graduated from Western Washington University in Bellingham, Whatcom County, Washington, in 2002 with degree in business.1
	Occupation	From 2002 to 2020 Grant Edson Adolphson was an insurance broker at Arthur J. Gallagher & Company in Seattle, Washington.2
2009	Birth of Child	His son, Blake Edson Adolphson, was born in September 2009 in Seattle, Washington.
2020	Death	Grant Edson Adolphson died of gastrointestinal bleeding on 11 May 2020 in Seattle, Washington. At first his death was thought to be due to Covid-19, but an autopsy revealed otherwise. Grant was only 43. His loss was a dreadful shock to the whole extended family.1,3
About 2020	Cremation	He was cremated about 24 May 2020 at Queen Anne Columbarium, Cremation Society Northwest, in Seattle.4
2020	Obituary	His obituary appeared in the Spokane Spokesman-Review on 20 May 2020 in Spokane.

Citations

1. Personal knowledge of Robert Jacobs
2. Newspaper, Obituary, Spokane Spokesman-Review, 24 May 2020
3. Newspaper, Obituary, Spokane Spokesman-Review, May 20-24, 2020
4. E-mail message, Todd Adolphson to RCJ, May 23, 2020

Anna Kristine Adolphson

Parents

Todd James Adolphson

Parents

Zetta G. ("Nana") Kampen

Etta Kampen Edson — "Nana"

Parents

Biographical Details

Citations

1. Social Security Death Index, U.S., Social Security Death Index [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2015.
2. Washington Birth Index, 1891—1919
3. Edson Family Association & Edson Genealogical Association, The Edsonian, Brewer, Maine: Edson Family Association, 1947 ff, Vol. 52, #3, Fall, 2000, p.44
4. 1910 Federal Census, Edo A. Kampen
5. 1930 Fed'l Census
6. Edson Family Association & Edson Genealogical Association, The Edsonian, Brewer, Maine: Edson Family Association, 1947 ff, Vol. 52, #3, Fall, 2000, p.37
7. City Directory, Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. (Bellingham, 1947)
8. Washington Death Index 1940-2014, Etta K. Edson

Agnes Helen Edson

Agnes Edson circa 1904

Parents

Biographical Details

Citations

1. Edson Family Association & Edson Genealogical Association, The Edsonian, Brewer, Maine: Edson Family Association, 1947 ff, Vol. 52, #3, Fall, 2000, p.37
2. Washington Birth Index, 1891—1919, Ancestry has it as "Edison"
3. 1900 Federal Census
4. 1910 Federal Census, Agnes Edson
5. 1930 Fed'l Census
6. World War II Draft Registration Card
7. Washington State Digital Archives, Death Certificate, File no. 21114, Date: 8 NOV 1957
8. Washington Death Index 1940-2014
9. Social Security Death Index, U.S., Social Security Death Index [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2015.

Dennis Logan Harkless

Parents

Barbara June Mary Ruegamer

Parents

Owen Hoffman Hadley

Parents

Biographical Details

Citations

1. Personal knowledge of Robert Jacobs
2. 1930 Fed'l Census
3. Social Security Death Index, U.S., Social Security Death Index [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2015.
4. Edson Genealogical Association, Edson, Family History and Genealogy, Volume III (Edson Genealogical Association), Gardner Martin Edson entry
5. 1910 Federal Census, Owen H. Hadley
6. Edson Family Association & Edson Genealogical Association, The Edsonian, Brewer, Maine: Edson Family Association, 1947 ff, Vol. 52, #3, Fall, 2000, p.37
7. World War II Draft Registration Card
8. Mollie Edson, Verboden: The Musings of a Washington Pioneer in a Dutch Community, 1890-1944, Multimedia Master's Degree Project Central Washington University, 1999, Letter, Ed Edson to George Burr, 10 Dec. 1939, "Received the distressing news last evening that my son-in-law living in Tacoma was struck by an auto . . ."

Mary Ellen Hamburg

Mary Hamburg — "Grandma Bunny"

Parents

Biographical Details

	Aka	Mary Ellen Hamburg was also known as Grandma Bunny Hamburg. Her grandchildren called her Grandma Bunny.
	Married	She was also known as Mary Ellen Edson.
	Name	She was also known as Mary Ellen Sherwood.
	Married	She was also known as Mary Ellen Brockbank.1
1871	Birth	She was born on 13 April 1871 in Tama, Tama County, Iowa.2,3
Before 1880	Death of Parent	Her father, George Fruleughyson Hamburg, died before 1880.
1880	Residence	She lived at Township 99 Range 53 in Turner County, South Dakota on 22 June 1880.4
1880	Residence (family)	As a niece of Martin Angelus Dunning and Catherine ("Kate") McCune, she resided with them at Township 99 Range 53 in Turner County, South Dakota on 22 June 1880.
1890	Marr-Partners	Mary Ellen Hamburg married Edward Edson on 17 November 1890 in Bellingham, Whatcom County, Washington.5,2
1891	Residence (family)	Edward Edson and she lived in Lynden, Whatcom County, Washington in January 1891.6
1891	Birth of Child	Her daughter, Agnes Helen Edson, was born on 7 November 1891 in Lynden, Whatcom County, Washington.
1895	Marr-Partners	Mary Ellen Hamburg witnessed the marriage of Fred Hamburg and Edith Susan ("Susie") Everett and signed the marriage certificate as "E. Edson" in Fairhaven, Washington on 24 July 1895.7
1896	Birth of Child	Her son, Gale Merton Edson, was born on 8 November 1896 in Lynden, Whatcom County, Washington.
1900	Residence (family)	Edward Edson and Mary Ellen Hamburg lived in Lynden, Whatcom County, Washington on 21 June 1900.8
1901	Divorce	Edward Edson and she were divorced on 6 March 1901.9
1902	Marr-Partners	She married George Gate Brockbank on 30 March 1902 at First Baptist Church Edifice in Seattle, Washington.1
Before 1906	Divorce	George Gate Brockbank and she were divorced before 23 May 1906.
1906	Marr-Partners	She married Guy Erwin Sherwood on 23 May 1906 in Port Orchard, Kitsap County, Washington.10,11
1910	Residence (family)	Guy Erwin Sherwood and she lived at 706 Pike Street in Seattle, Washington in 1910.12
1931	Death of Spouse	Her former husband, George Gate Brockbank, died on 10 July 1931 in Los Angeles, California.
1944	Death of Spouse	Her former husband, Edward Edson, died on 17 December 1944 in Lynden, Whatcom County, Washington.
1949	Death	She died on 29 September 1949 in Bellingham, Whatcom County, Washington.13
1951	Death of Spouse	Her husband, Guy Erwin Sherwood, died on 22 April 1951 in Washington.

Citations

1. Marriage Certificate, King County Cert. #6876, 30 March 1902
2. Edson Family Association & Edson Genealogical Association, The Edsonian, Brewer, Maine: Edson Family Association, 1947 ff, Vol. 52, #3, Fall, 2000, p.37
3. Washington State Digital Archives, Marriage Cert., Geo. Brockbank & Mary Ellen Edson, 30 March 1902
4. 1850 Federal Census, Turner County, Dakota Territory population schedule, Township 99, Range 53, Enumeration District 127, sheet 2, dwelling 17, family 16, National Archives micropublication T9-114 (Martin Dunning household).
5. 1930 Fed'l Census, Edward Edson
6. Lottie Roeder Roth, History of Whatcom County, Chicago: Pioneer Historical Publishing Co., 1926, Vol. 2 p.708
7. Marriage Certificate, Whatcom County Cert #551, July 24, 1895, Fred Hamburg & Susie Everett (Ancestry.com), Date: 24 JUL 1895
8. 1900 Federal Census
9. Mollie Edson, Verboden: The Musings of a Washington Pioneer in a Dutch Community, 1890-1944, Multimedia Master's Degree Project Central Washington University, 1999, Letter, Ed Edson to George Burr, 19 Jan 1941, Case # 31618 Mary E. Edson vs. E. Edson
10. Ancestry.com Public Family Trees, Hopkins, Sherwood, Butler Roots
11. Marriage Certificate, Kitsap County Cert. #24, 23 May 1906; copy in RCJ's computer
12. 1910 Federal Census, Place: Seattle Ward 5, King, Washington; Roll: T624_1659; Page: 10A; Enumeration District: 0109; FHL microfilm: 1375672
13. Washington Death Index 1940-2014

Lelah Blanche Jackson

Lelah Jackson Edson in 1936

Parents

Biographical Details

	Married	Lelah Blanche Jackson was also known as Lelah Jackson Edson.1
1882	Birth	She was born on 7 November 1882 in Mabel, Fillmore County, Minnesota.2,3
1910	Occupation	On 19 April 1910 Lelah Blanche Jackson was a manager of millinery store.4
1910	Residence	She lived at 124 Colly Avenue in Everett, Washington on 19 April 1910.4
1913	Marr-Partners	She married Thomas Marshall Sullivan on 22 May 1913 in Portland, Multnomah County, Oregon.5
Before 1920	Divorce	Thomas Marshall Sullivan and she were divorced before 1920.6
1920	Marr-Partners	She married Edward Edson on 5 January 1920 at 2001 G Street in Bellingham, Whatcom County, Washington. On the marriage certificate, Ed Edson enters his father's name as "Martin G. Edson," thus removing any doubt that Martin G. Edson records refer to Gardner M. Edson.7,8,9
1930	Death of Parent	Her father, Griffith Levering Jackson, died on 16 January 1930 in Ferndale, Whatcom County, Washington.
1942	Death of Parent	Her mother, Lydia Caroline Morgan, died on 29 January 1942 in Ferndale, Whatcom County, Washington.
1944	Death of Spouse	Her husband, Edward Edson, died on 17 December 1944 in Lynden, Whatcom County, Washington.
1947	Residence	Lelah Blanche Jackson lived at 308 West champion in Bellingham, Whatcom County, Washington in 1947.10
1951	Occupation	In 1951 Lelah Blanche Jackson was a writer, the author of The Fourth Corner.11,1
1962	Death	She died on 6 May 1962 in Whatcom County, Washington.12,13
About 1962	Burial	She was buried about 7 May 1962 in the Enterprise Cemetery in Enterprise, Stevens County, Washington.12

Citations

1. Lelah Jackson Edson, The Fourth Corner, Bellingham, WA: Cox Brothers, 1951
2. Family Data Collection Database
3. Edson Family Association & Edson Genealogical Association, The Edsonian, Brewer, Maine: Edson Family Association, 1947 ff, Vol. 52, #3, Fall, 2000, p.37
4. 1910 Federal Census, Lelah Jackson
5. Marriage Certificate, Oregon Certificate # 22943
6. Marriage Certificate, 1920 Lelah Jackson & Ed Edson
7. 1920 Federal Census, Shows Ed Edson as divorced
8. 1930 Fed'l Census, Shows Ed Edson married to Lelah Jackson
9. Marriage Certificate, Ed Edson & Lelah Jackson
10. City Directory, Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. (Bellingham, 1947)
11. Personal knowledge of Robert Jacobs
12. Ancestry.com: Private Family Tree, Coats Family Tree
13. Online Record, http://www.skagitriverjournal.com/WA/Whatcom/FairhavenSth/Harris/Dan05-Teck19030411.html

Ethan Alexander Scherer

Parents

Susannah Beth Scherer

Parents

Schmuel Falkov Glotzer

Parents

Biographical Details

Citations

1. A.K.Golubovich, Census Record of Bourgeois Jews in the City of Pinsk, Pinsk District, Minsk Gubernia) (Kropotkin St., 55. Minsk 220002 Belarus: National Historical Archive of Belarus, 27 October 2011). Hereinafter cited as NIAB., Fond 333, List 9, Folder 869, Page 89 Recto – 90
2. A.K.Golubovich, Census Record of Bourgeois Jews in the City of Pinsk, Pinsk District, Minsk Gubernia) (Kropotkin St., 55. Minsk 220002 Belarus: National Historical Archive of Belarus, 27 October 2011). Hereinafter cited as NIAB., Fond 333, List 9, Folder 869, Page 89 Recto – 90, Name transliterated as Rokhlia
3. "NIAB Revision List (Glotzers," March 2014, NIAB ([address for private use]) to Robert Jacobs ([address for private use], Ellensburg, WA 98926), ; Typescript held by Robert Jacobs, [address for private use], Ellensburg, WA 98926., No.43/2526. Glotser Shmujlo son of Mordukh. Fond 611, Opis 2, Delo 299, Page 49. From list of Pinsk homeowners:: Brick shops.

Rochl Ziperstein

Parents

Biographical Details

Citations

1. E-mail message, Édith Simone Garfinkiel to RCJ, 25 June 2008
2. Marriage Certificate, Cert. #11472 Manhattan, 1907. Harry Glotzer and Gelle Forman
3. 1920 Federal Census, Harry Glotzer
4. A.K.Golubovich, Census Record of Bourgeois Jews in the City of Pinsk, Pinsk District, Minsk Gubernia) (Kropotkin St., 55. Minsk 220002 Belarus: National Historical Archive of Belarus, 27 October 2011). Hereinafter cited as NIAB., Fond 333, List 9, Folder 869, Page 89 Recto – 90, Name transliterated as Rokhlia
5. E-mail message, Édith Simone Garfinkiel to RCJ, 25 June 2008, Concerning 'Henié, the mother of Yitzhak and our common great grandmother, I wrote in my papers that she died in Palestine in 1916. I don't remember who gave me this information, maybe my mother. Have you heard of it?
   'Henié would be translated by Rachel.
6. Telephone Interview, Anita Glotzer Roll & RCJ, 4 Nov. 2013.

Yitzhak Glotzer

Yitzhak Glotzer

Parents

Biographical Details

1882	Birth	Yitzhak Glotzer was born in 1882 in Pinsk, Belarus.1,2
1905	Death of Parent	His father, Schmuel Falkov Glotzer, died in 1905.
About 1906	Marr-Partners	Yitzhak Glotzer married Bluma Guta Frydman about 1906.
1907	Birth of Child	His daughter, Paula Glotzer, was born on 3 November 1907 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1909	Birth of Child	His daughter, Faigl Glotzer, was born in 1909.
1910	Birth of Child	His son, Naftali Glotzer, was born on 13 October 1910 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1913	Birth of Child	His son, Shmuel-Yacov Glotzer, was born in 1913.
1916	Death of Parent	His mother, Rochl Ziperstein, died in 1916 in Palestine.
1918	Birth of Child	His son, Shimon Glotzer, was born in 1918 in Poland.
1924	Birth of Child	His son, Gershon Glotzer, was born in 1924.
1924	Birth of Child	His daughter, Infant Glotzer, was born in 1924.
1924	Death of Child	His daughter, Infant Glotzer, died in 1924.
1938	Death of Child	His son, Shmuel-Yacov Glotzer, died on 10 December 1938 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1941	Death of Spouse	His wife, Bluma Guta Frydman, died in 1941 in Pinsk, Belarus.
Estimated 1942	Death of Child	His son, Gershon Glotzer, died estimated 1942 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1942	Death	Yitzhak Glotzer died in 1942 in Pinsk, Belarus.3
1942	Death of Child	His daughter, Faigl Glotzer, died in 1942.

Citations

1. Jacob David Garfinkiel, Demande de Naturalisation, 582696 (6 May 1938); , .
2. Naturalization Petition, Paris, 21 June 1938 for David, Paula and Gisèle
3. E-mail message, Édith Simone Garfinkiel to RCJ, 25 June 2008

Bluma Guta Frydman

Gutke Frydman

Parents

Biographical Details

	Name	Bluma Guta Frydman was also known as Bluma Guta Glotzer.
	Name	She was also known as Gutke Frydman.
	Note	From the Garfinkiels' livret de famille.
1890	Birth	She was born in 1890 in Pinsk, Belarus.1,2
About 1906	Marr-Partners	She married Yitzhak Glotzer about 1906.
1907	Birth of Child	Her daughter, Paula Glotzer, was born on 3 November 1907 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1909	Birth of Child	Her daughter, Faigl Glotzer, was born in 1909.
1910	Birth of Child	Her son, Naftali Glotzer, was born on 13 October 1910 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1913	Birth of Child	Her son, Shmuel-Yacov Glotzer, was born in 1913.
1918	Birth of Child	Her son, Shimon Glotzer, was born in 1918 in Poland.
Before 1923	Death of Parent	Her father, Naftol Frydman, died before 1923.
1924	Birth of Child	Her son, Gershon Glotzer, was born in 1924.
1924	Birth of Child	Her daughter, Infant Glotzer, was born in 1924.
1924	Death of Child	Her daughter, Infant Glotzer, died in 1924.
1938	Death of Child	Her son, Shmuel-Yacov Glotzer, died on 10 December 1938 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1941	Death	Bluma Guta Frydman was shot to death in 1941 in Pinsk.1,3
1942	Death of Spouse	Her husband, Yitzhak Glotzer, died in 1942 in Pinsk, Belarus.

Citations

1. E-mail message, Édith Simone Garfinkiel to RCJ, 25 June 2008
2. Jacob David Garfinkiel, Demande de Naturalisation, 582696 (6 May 1938); , .
3. Yad Vashem Page of Testimony, online \www.yadvashem.org/\., Item #6425771

Paula Glotzer

Paula Glotzer Garfinkiel

Parents

Biographical Details

	Married	Paula Glotzer was also known as Paula Garfinkiel.
	Birth	She was also known as Chaja Pesja Glocer. as recorded in the Garfinkiels' livret de famille. .1
	Note	This Paula Glotzer and my mother were almost of an age. First cousins in an insular community, they played together as children from their earliest years. Paula Garfinkiel moved to Paris in 1932 and remained there after her marriage to the painter David Garfinkiel. With the collapse of France in 1940 they moved to Lyon, nominally at least under Vichy control. They hid in an attic from the Milice and the Germans for the duration of the war. It was only in 1945 that we learned that they had survived — a post card arrived one day.
1907	Birth	She was born on 3 November 1907 in Pinsk, Belarus.2
1932	Immigration	She migrated in Paris, France, on 6 June 1932.3,4
1934	Marr-Partners	She married Jacob David Garfinkiel in 1934 at the town hall of the 19th arrondissement in Paris, France.5
1937	Birth of Child	Her daughter, Gisèle Garfinkiel, was born on 12 April 1937 in Paris, France.
1940	Naturalization (fam)	Jacob David Garfinkiel and Paula Glotzer were naturalized on 2 May 1940 in Paris, France.6
1941	Death of Parent	Her mother, Bluma Guta Frydman, died in 1941 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1942	Death of Parent	Her father, Yitzhak Glotzer, died in 1942 in Pinsk, Belarus.
1942	Birth of Child	Her son, Emmanuel Garfinkiel, was born on 3 July 1942 in Lyon, France.
1943	Naturalization (fam)	Jacob David Garfinkiel and Paula Glotzer were denaturalized on 9 September 1943 in France. Under a law promulgated by the Vichy government, the Garfinkiel's were stripped of their French nationality.
1945	Anecdote	In November 1945 it was discovered that the Garfinkiels had survived the war by hiding out at Lyon in Vichy France. The American Glotzers rejoiced and rallied round. Paula Jacobs wrote this letter, visible on our web site, which was typical of the communications that flew across the Atlantic.The two Paula Glotzers were reunited in France in August, 1961.
1945	Birth of Child	Her daughter, Édith Simone Blanche Garfinkiel, was born on 3 December 1945 in Lyon, France.
1970	Death of Spouse	Her husband, Jacob David Garfinkiel, died on 24 October 1970 in Paris, France.
1986	Death	Paula Glotzer died on 27 October 1986 in Paris, France.7,8

Citations

1. E-mail message, Simone Chomentowski to RCJ, 10 Nov. 2008
2. E-mail message, Gisèle Garfinkiel to RCJ, 7/12/2008, my mother was born on the 3rd of November 1907
3. E-mail message, Edith Simone Chomentowski to RCJ, 7/1/2008
4. Jacob David Garfinkiel, Demande de Naturalisation, 582696 (6 May 1938); , .
5. E-mail message, Édith Simone Garfinkiel to RCJ, 25 June 2008
6. Naturalization Petition, French citizenship application
7. E-mail message, Gisèle Rozenbaum to RCJ, 12 July 2008
8. E-mail message, Simone Chomentowski to RCJ, 28 Oct, 2010

Jacob David Garfinkiel

David Garfinkiel, 1928

Parents

Biographical Details

	Occupation	Jacob David Garfinkiel was a painter of the Paris school.1
1902	Birth	He was born on 31 July 1902 in Radom, Poland.2,3,4
1923	Military	He served in the Polish Army in 1923.
1924	Death of Parent	His father, Mendel Garfinkiel, died in 1924.
1924	Death of Parent	His mother, Gitla Rakocz, died on 6 August 1924 in Radom, Poland.
1927	Education	Jacob David Garfinkiel studied painting at the School of Fine and Decorative Arts in Krakow in 1927.
1932	Immigration	He migrated to Paris, France, in 1932.1
1934	Marr-Partners	He married Paula Glotzer in 1934 at the town hall of the 19th arrondissement in Paris, France.5
1937	Birth of Child	His daughter, Gisèle Garfinkiel, was born on 12 April 1937 in Paris, France.
1939	Anecdote	In 1939 When the war broke out David volunteered for the French army. He was naturalized in France that same year, and de-naturalized shortly afterwards as a Jew.6
1940	Naturalization (fam)	He and Paula Glotzer were naturalized on 2 May 1940 in Paris, France.7
1942	Birth of Child	His son, Emmanuel Garfinkiel, was born on 3 July 1942 in Lyon, France.
1943	Naturalization (fam)	Jacob David Garfinkiel and Paula Glotzer were denaturalized on 9 September 1943 in France. Under a law promulgated by the Vichy government, the Garfinkiel's were stripped of their French nationality.
1945	Birth of Child	His daughter, Édith Simone Blanche Garfinkiel, was born on 3 December 1945 in Lyon, France.
1970	Death	He died on 24 October 1970 in Paris, France.8,9
	Biography	This biographical note was written by Nadine Nieszawer. I do not know who translated it: David Garfinkiel is the youngest of a nine-child family. His father was a woodcarver. Painter since he was a child, David Garfinikiel enters the Beaux-Arts of Warsaw and then of Cracow. In 1932 he arrives in Paris and will be granted French citizenship. He often goes to the Académie de la Grande Chaumière and to the Académie Julian. His first works are close to Cubism, however Garfinikiel will remain tied to the subject. The personality of this “discreet visionary”, as he will be called by the critic Waldemar George, asserts itself freely in the Jewish themes of expressionist technique. Painter but also photographer, Garfinkiel works for the Harcourt studio in 1934. Volunteer in 1939, he takes refuge in Brives, Corrèze that he leaves for Lyon in 1940. In Lyon, his painting is appreciated and an exhibition named “French Provinces” (“Provinces de France”) will be organized in 1942. The consequences of the war are tragic: his brothers, his sister and fourteen out of his fifteen nephews and nieces died. After the Liberation, Garfinkiel opens “La Studio David”, a photo studio in Belleville where he accommodates his family and serving as painting atelier. His work “L’Exode” is purchased by the city of Paris in 1959. That same year, he is awarded the artistic encouragement prize by the Ministry of Education. He comes back to Paris after the Liberation. In 1970, he is appointed vice-president of the Association of French Jewish Artists Painters and Sculptors.
	Biography	The Garfinkiel family maintains a web site at www.garfinkiel.net devoted to David's life and work.10
1986	Death of Spouse	His wife, Paula Glotzer, died on 27 October 1986 in Paris, France.

Citations

1. Gisèle Rozenbaum and Édith Chomentowski, David Garfinkiel: École de Paris (Éditions Eska, 2006)
2. E-mail message, Gisèle Garfinkiel to RCJ, 7/12/2008, he was born on the 31st of July 1902 in Radom (Poland)
3. Book of Residents, Radom, Polish State Archives Fond 1, Card #234
4. Édith Simone Chomentowski, Mar 2021, "La communauté juive de Radom à travers la famille Garfinkiel", in Généalo-J: Revue francaise de généalogie juive, Paris: Cercle de Généalogie Juive, 145, RCJ books and files, p.6.
5. E-mail message, Édith Simone Garfinkiel to RCJ, 25 June 2008
6. Online Record, www.garfinkiel.net/biography.html, "The war broke out. Volunteer for the French army in 1939 Garfinkiel is naturalized French in 1939 (and shortly thenafter de-naturalized as a Jew)."
7. Naturalization Petition, French citizenship application
8. Dictionnaire des Peintres Juif
9. E-mail message, Gisèle Garfinkiel to RCJ, 7/12/2008
10. Online Record, www.garfinkiel.net