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     Elizabeth Wickham was born on 13 June 1821 (computed from her death date and age at death of 74 years, 10 months, 16 days) in Ohio.^3,4 She was married by A. Nisely, J. P., to Henry Swikert, son of John W. Swikert and Ann Sophia (?), on 25 June 1840 in Hancock Co., Ohio.^1,2 She died on 19 April 1896 at age 74.⁴ She was buried at Union Hill Cemetery in Plain Twp., Wood Co., Ohio, in Row 3, south from Union Hill Road.⁴
     She and her husband Henry are listed in the censuses of 1850 to 1870 in Middleton Twp., Wood Co., Ohio. In 1850 they are listed, with the spelling "Swygart," with children Emeline Wickham (age 4) and Amanda J. (age 2), both born in Ohio. In 1860 they are listed with the spelling "Swagart," with children Hope Wickman (age 15), and Amanda (age 13), both born in Ohio, and Oliver Fleming (age 14), born in New York. In 1870 they are listed with the spelling "Swigert," with Lucinda Wickham (age 16), and Cepheus and Jane Lake (both 22), all born in Ohio.^3,5,6 In 1880, after her husband's death, Elizabeth is again listed in Middleton Twp., with her niece Lucy Wickham (age 26) and Bertha Lake (age 4).⁷
     The exact relationship between Elizabeth (Wickham) Swikert and the Wickham children listed with her and her husband Henry in the censuses is unknown. They were probably all nieces of Elizabeth. It seems likely that Emeline and Amanda were sisters, perhaps daughters of a deceased brother of Elizabeth. Given their ages, Emeline and Hope may be the same person (Emeline Hope Wickham, perhaps). Lucinda was clearly a niece (from the 1880 census), but probably a cousin to Emeline and Amanda and not a sister, since she was born about 1854, after Emeline and Amanda were already living with Elizabeth.
     Marriage records show that Amanda married Josephus Lake on 13 May 1869, and that Lucinda married Nicholas A. Mccombs on 14 May 1885. The 1870 census listing for Henry and Elizabeth includes Cepheus and Jane Lake living with them, so Amanda J. was actually Amanda Jane Wickham. The Bertha Lake living with Elizabeth in 1880 was their daughter, indicating that Amanda may have died between 1870 and 1880. Interestingly, Bertha (Lake) Vollmar's transcribed death record lists her parents as Cephus Lake and Jane Swager (sic), indicating that Amanda Jane Wickham may have been at least unofficially adopted by Henry and Elizabeth Swikert.^{3,5,6,7,8,9,10}

     Mary Ann Swikert was born on 16 March 1822 (based on her age at death of 48 years, 4 months, 12 days) in Ohio.^3,4 She married first Jacob Stahlnecker.^1,5,2 She married second Philip R. Breeson.^2,1 She died of dropsy on 28 July 1870 in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan, at age 48.³
     In 1850 she and her first husband Jacob Stahlnecker were living in Franklin Twp., Summit Co., Ohio, with their children Margaret, John, and Henry.⁵ She and her second husband Philip R. Breeson are listed in the census of 1860 in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan, with her children Hannah, John, Henry, and Alice Stahlnecker from her first marriage.⁶ They are again listed there in the 1870 census, with Alice Ann Breeson (actually Alice Stahlnecker, Mary Ann's daughter from her first marriage), age 14, and Rosilla Breeson, age 5.⁴
     Some on-line sources, and a pedigree chart by Beth Watkins included in a letter to Ruth Towne from Max Swikert, list Hannah M. (born 1843) as a daughter of Jacob and Mary Ann (Swikert) Stahlnecker. It's more likely, however, that this is actually the same person as Margaret H. (Margaret Hannah, perhaps?) The 1850 census entry for Jacob and Mary Stahlnecker's family lists Margaret, age 6, but no Hannah. The 1860 census entry for Mary Ann and her second husband Philip Breeson does not list Margaret, but does list Hannah M. Stahlnecker, age 17. This is probably the original source for the existence of a daughter named Hannah. In addition, in his will Mary Ann's father John Swikert left money to be divided "between her children by her first husband Jacob Stalchnecker (deceased)." The probate records include receipts dated in September and October 1868 for this inheritance, and naming her children Margaret Bennett, John Stahlnecker, H. A. Stahlnecker, and Alice A. Stahlnecker, but not Hannah.^2,5,6,1

     Jacob Stahlnecker was born about 1824 in Pennsylvania.² He married Mary Ann Swikert, daughter of John W. Swikert and Ann Sophia (?).^3,2,1 He died in 1856.^1,3
     In 1850 Jacob Stahlnecker and his wife Mary were living in Franklin Twp., Summit Co., Ohio, with their children Margaret, John, and Henry.²
     Some on-line sources, and a pedigree chart by Beth Watkins included in a letter to Ruth Towne from Max Swikert, list Hannah M. (born 1843) as a daughter of Jacob and Mary Ann (Swikert) Stahlnecker. It's more likely, however, that this is actually the same person as Margaret H. (Margaret Hannah, perhaps?) The 1850 census entry for Jacob and Mary Stahlnecker's family lists Margaret, age 6, but no Hannah. The 1860 census entry for Mary Ann and her second husband Philip Breeson does not list Margaret, but does list Hannah M. Stahlnecker, age 17. This is probably the original source for the existence of a daughter named Hannah. In addition, in his will Mary Ann's father John Swikert left money to be divided "between her children by her first husband Jacob Stalchnecker (deceased)." The probate records include receipts dated in September and October 1868 for this inheritance, and naming her children Margaret Bennett, John Stahlnecker, H. A. Stahlnecker, and Alice A. Stahlnecker, but not Hannah.^1,2,4,3

     John Swikert Stahlnecker was born on 23 September 1846 in Clinton, Summit Co., Ohio.^3,5,6 He married Imogene Minerva Alvord, daughter of Obed Gool Alvord and Melissa Ann Talbott, on 20 April 1870 in Union City, Branch Co., Michigan.^5,6 He died on 18 March 1916 in Cromwell, Union Co., Iowa, at age 69.³ He was buried on 21 March 1916 at Cromwell Cemetery in Union Co., Iowa.^7,3
     He served in Co. D of the 1st. Michigan Light Artillery, enlisting on 3 September 1864, and was discharged on 3 August 1865.^7,6
     After their marriage, he and his wife Imogene lived with the family of Obed and Melissa Alvord, presumably Imogene's parents, or possibly her brother and his wife, in Union, Branch Co., Michigan.⁸ They moved to Union Twp., Adams Co., Iowa, sometime between 1872 and 1880⁹, where they apparently lived until least 1910. John's half-sister Rosella Breeson, age 15, was living with them in 1880, and in 1900 a servant, James Drumm, age 21, was living with them. Obed and Melissa Alvord, must have also moved to Iowa, as they were neighbors in 1880.^9,10,11
     He and Imogene had just one child, Obed Luther (b 20 July 1872, d 23 May 1897).^7,6,11

     Imogene Minerva Alvord was born on 1 August 1848 in Mentor, Lake Co., Ohio.^3,4,5,6,7 She married John Swikert Stahlnecker, son of Jacob Stahlnecker and Mary Ann Swikert, on 20 April 1870 in Union City, Branch Co., Michigan.^6,3 She died on 10 July 1931 in Cromwell, Union Co., Iowa, at age 82.⁷ She was buried at Cromwell Cemetery in Union Co., Iowa.⁴
     After their marriage, she and her husband John lived with the family of Obed and Melissa Alvord, presumably her parents, or possibly her brother and his wife, in Union, Branch Co., Michigan.⁸ They moved to Union Twp., Adams Co., Iowa, sometime between 1872 and 1880⁹, where they apparently lived until least 1910. John's half-sister Rosella Breeson, age 15, was living with them in 1880, and in 1900 a servant, James Drumm, age 21, was living with them. Obed and Melissa Alvord, must have also moved to Iowa, as they were neighbors in 1880.^9,5,10 In 1920 and 1930 she was living in Cromwell, Union Co., Iowa, where her younger sister Estella (or Stella) lived with her.^11,12
     She and John had just one child, Obed Luther (b 20 July 1872, d 23 May 1897).^4,3,10

     Margaret H. Stahlnecker was born on 12 August 1844 (based on her age at death of 95 years, 8 months, 26 days) in Ohio.^4,2,5 She married Daniel B. Bennett on 31 December 1865 in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan.⁵ She died on 8 May 1940 in Everett, Snohomish Co., Washington, at age 95.⁴ She was buried at Evergreen Cemetery in Snohomish Co., Washington.⁶
     She and her husband Daniel were living in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan, in 1870.⁷ They moved to Nebraska by 1880, where they were living in Columbus, Platte Co., in 1880⁸, and Grand Island, Hall Co., in 1900.⁹ By 1910 they had moved again, to Elgin, Union Co., Oregon.¹⁰ After her husband's death, Margaret lived with her daughter Mae's family in Everett, Snohomish Co., Washington, probably for the rest of her life.^11,12,4
     She and Daniel had two children, Mae Belle (b 26 April 1868 (based on her age at death of 73 years, 6 months, 2 days), d 28 October 1941) and Nelly M. (b abt 1871, d bef 1900).^13,8,9

     Henry A. Stahlnecker was born in September 1849 in Ohio.^3,1,4,5 He married Melissa Lighty on 31 March 1879 in Black Hawk Co., Iowa.⁶
     He lived in a variety of places throughout his life. In 1870 he was living and working as a farm hand in the household of Bruce Wilcox in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan.⁷ In 1880 he and his wife Melissa were living in Douglas Twp., Union Co., Iowa.⁸ Based on the birth locations of their children Glenn, Lucy, and John, they were living in Minnesota in 1885, back in Iowa in 1887, and back again in Minnesota in 1889.⁴ He and Melissa are listed in the census of 1900 in Colorado. Henry is actually listed twice, once in Otero Co. with just his son Glenn, and again in Pueblo in neighboring Pueblo Co. with Melissa and their family, including their son Glenn.^3,4 In 1910 he is listed in Everett, Snohomish Co., Washington, living with the family of his niece Mae (Bennett) Marshall, daughter of his sister Margaret. His wife Melissa, however, is listed in North Bend, Coos Co., Oregon, living with their daughter Lucy (Stahlnecker) Wilson and her family.^9,10 In 1920 he and Melissa were living together in Everett, Snohomish Co., Washington,¹¹ and in 1930 they were living in Long Beach, Los Angeles Co., California.¹²
     He was a farmer or farm hand most of his life, but was working as a fireman in 1910 and as a stationary engineer in a lumber mill in 1920.^7,8,3,4,9,11
     He and Melissa had eight children, with the following six still living in 1900: Ray (b March 1881), Nina (b January 1883), Glenn (b August 1885), Lucy (b August 1887), John (b August 1889), Laura (b March 1899).⁴

     Alice Ann Stahlnecker was born about 1856 in Michigan.^2,3

     Philip R. Breeson was born on 30 May 1825 (based on his age at death of 48 years, 4 months, 6 days) in England.^3,4,5 He married first Mary Ann Swikert, daughter of John W. Swikert and Ann Sophia (?).^2,6 He married second Harriet A. Morehouse on 24 January 1871 in Union City, Branch Co., Michigan.⁷ He died from inflammation of the lungs on 6 October 1873 in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan, at age 48.³
     He and his first wife Mary are listed in the census of 1860 in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan, with her children Hannah, John, Henry, and Alice Stahlnecker from her first marriage.⁵ They are again listed there in the 1870 census, with Alice Ann Breeson (actually Alice Stahlnecker, Mary Ann's daughter from her first marriage), age 14, and Rosilla Breeson, age 5.⁴ He was a farmer, with real estate valued at $2000 and personal property valued at $400 in 1870.⁴

     George W. Breeson was born after 1856.¹ He died in 1863.¹

     Samuel Swikert was born on 1 September 1824 (based on his age at death of 69 years, 8 months, 28 days) in Ohio.^3,4,5 He was married first, by Resin Rickets, Justice of the Peace, to Mary Ann Hamblin on 25 March 1848 in Hancock Co., Ohio.⁶ He married second Angelina Eliza Perry about 1852.^7,8,1,9,10 He died on 29 May 1894 in Hastings, Barry Co., Michigan, at age 69 from heart disease and dropsy.³
     He was a farmer according to the 1860 census, in Sherwood, Branch Co., Michigan.⁴
     He and Isaac Beall were appointed executors of his father John Swikert's will dated 29 May 1858 and proved on 18 Nov 1864. Among the claims made against the estate was one by Samuel for $600, $550 of which was allowed, for expenses incurred while caring for his father during the last seven years of his life.²
     He and his second wife Angelina are listed in the census of 1870 in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan, with their children Emily A., Anna S., Roxanna I., and Isaac D. Swikert. They owned real estate valued at $800 and personal property valued at $300.⁵ They are again listed there in 1880. His occupation is listed as farming. Angeline's parents are both listed as being born in New York. Listed with them are their son Isaac D., daughter Emma Wickham, and grandchildren Samuel R. and Willis J. Wickham.¹¹

     Angelina Eliza Perry was born on 3 November 1834 in New York.^2,3,4 She married Samuel Swikert, son of John W. Swikert and Ann Sophia (?), about 1852.^5,6,1,7,8 She died on 6 March 1897 at age 62.^2,1 She was buried at Rockwall Cemetery in Union Co., Oregon.²
     She and her husband Samuel are listed in the census of 1870 in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan, with their children Emily A., Anna S., Roxanna I., and Isaac D. Swikert. They owned real estate valued at $800 and personal property valued at $300.⁴ They are again listed there in 1880. Her parents are both listed as being born in New York. Listed with them are their son Isaac D., daughter Emma Wickham, and grandchildren Samuel R. and Willis J. Wickham.⁹

     Emily Amanda Swikert was born in July 1854 in Allegan Co., Michigan.^3,4,5,1 She was married first, by Charles R. Clark, minister, to Willis James Wickham, son of William Riley Wickham and Helen Grover, on 31 December 1874 in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan.¹ She was married second, by Isaac H. Mourer, to Francis G. Beard on 5 November 1881 in Odessa, Ionia Co., Michigan.^6,2 She married third John Adkin, son of John Adkin and Charlotte Gamble, on 23 July 1899 in Union Co., Oregon.^7,4,8,2,9 She died on 13 December 1949 in La Center, Clark Co., Washington, at age 95.^10,2
     In 1870 she was living at home with her parents in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan. Her occupation was listed as "domestic help."⁵ In 1880, after her first husband's death, she was again living with her parents in Carlton, now with her children Samuel and Willis.¹¹
     In 1900 she and her third husband John Adkin were living in La Grande, Union Co., Oregon, with Emily's children Anjaline and Seth Beard from her second marriage, and John's daughter Edith (age 17) from his first marriage. In the census, Seth is mistakenly listed as female.⁴ They moved to Cascades, Clackamas Co., Oregon, by 1910⁸, to Boise, Ada Co., Idaho, by 1920¹², and to Meridian, Ada Co., Idaho, by 1930.¹³
     She had a total of six children, with four still living in 1920.¹²

     Willis James Wickham was born on 19 June 1853 (based on a death date of 7 May 1878 and age at death of 24 years, 10 months, 18 days, as recorded on his cemetery marker) in Orleans Co., New York.^4,1 He was married by Charles R. Clark, minister, to Emily Amanda Swikert, daughter of Samuel Swikert and Angelina Eliza Perry, on 31 December 1874 in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan.¹ He died from "general debility" on 8 May 1878 (his cemetery marker says 7 May 1878) in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan, at age 24.^3,4 He was buried at Fuller Cemetery in Carlton Twp., Barry Co., Michigan.⁴

     Samuel Riley Wickham was born on 21 September 1875 in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan.¹ He married first Cora May Stott on 22 November 1899 in Union Co., Oregon.³ They were divorced sometime between 1920 and 1930.^4,5 He married second his brother Willis's widow (presumably; no death record has yet been found for Willis) Elsie Mariah Viola Johnson sometime between 1920 and 1930.^2,6,7
     After their marriage, Samuel Riley Wickham and his first wife Cora lived in Elgin, Union Co., Oregon.⁸ They moved to Homestead, Canyon Co., Idaho, sometime between 1903 and 1905^8,9,4, then to Hillsdale, Ada Co., Idaho, by 1920.⁴
     He and his second wife Elsie were living in Hillsdale, Ada Co., Idaho, in 1930.⁷
     He had the following known children with his first wife Cora: Lewis (b abt 1901), Emily (b abt 1903), Elmer (b abt 1905), Warren (b 8 April 1908), Roy S. (b abt 1915).^9,4,10,5 He had an additional son Frank (b abt 1924), probably with his second wife Elsie. Frank is listed with them in the 1930 census as Samuel's son. Since Samuel's older son Roy from his first marriage (age 15 in 1930), was then living with his mother Cora, it seems likely that his younger son Frank was the son of his second wife Elsie, not his first wife Cora.^7,5

     Elsie Mariah Viola Johnson was born in June 1881 in Oregon.² She married first Willis James Wickham, son of Willis James Wickham and Emily Amanda Swikert, about 1898.^1,2 She married second her first husband Willis's brother Samuel Riley Wickham, son of Willis James Wickham and Emily Amanda Swikert, sometime between 1920 and 1930.^1,3,4
     After their marriage, she and her first husband Willis lived in Elgin, Union Co., Oregon.² They moved to Nampa, Canyon Co., Idaho, sometime between 1905 and 1910^2,5, then back to Oregon, in Smith Mountain, Wallowa Co., by 1920.³
     She and her second husband Samuel were living in Hillsdale, Ada Co., Idaho, in 1930.⁴
     She and her first husband Willis had the following known children, all born in Oregon: Samuel F. (b August 1899), Clara (b abt 1901), Jesse Henry (b abt 1905, d 1988).^1,2,5,3 She and her second husband Samuel probably had a son Frank (b abt 1924). Frank is listed with them in the 1930 census as Samuel's son. Since Samuel's older son Roy from his first marriage (age 15 in 1930), was then living with his mother Cora, it seems likely that his younger son Frank was the son of his second wife Elsie, not his first wife Cora.^4,6

     Willis James Wickham was born on 25 July 1878 in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan.^2,1 He married Elsie Mariah Viola Johnson about 1898.^1,3
     After their marriage, Willis James Wickham and his wife Elsie lived in Elgin, Union Co., Oregon, as neighbors to his grand-uncle Jacob Swikert.³ They moved to Nampa, Canyon Co., Idaho, sometime between 1905 and 1910^3,4, then back to Oregon, in Smith Mountain, Wallowa Co., by 1920.⁵
     He and Elsie had the following known children, all born in Oregon: Samuel F. (b August 1899), Clara (b abt 1901), Jesse Henry (b abt 1905, d 1988).^1,3,4,5

     Francis G. Beard was born on 13 September 1856 in Michigan.^2,3 He was married by Isaac H. Mourer to Emily Amanda Swikert, daughter of Samuel Swikert and Angelina Eliza Perry, on 5 November 1881 in Odessa, Ionia Co., Michigan.^3,1 He died on 1 October 1895 at age 39.² He was buried at Rockwall Cemetery in Union Co., Oregon.²

     John Adkin was born on 28 September 1855 (based on his age at death of 75 years, 10 months, 25 days) in New York, New York.^2,1 He married as his second wife Emily Amanda Swikert, daughter of Samuel Swikert and Angelina Eliza Perry, on 23 July 1899 in Union Co., Oregon.^3,1,4,5,6 He died on 22 August 1931 in Meridian, Ada, Idaho, at age 75, after suffering a stroke ten days earlier.² He was buried on 25 August 1931 in Meridian, Ada, Idaho.²
     A descendency chart from another researcher, included in a letter from Max Swikert to Ruth Towne, lists his name as Seth Adkins.⁵
     In 1900 John Adkin and his second wife Emily were living in La Grande, Union Co., Oregon, with Emily's children Anjaline and Seth Beard from her second marriage, and John's daughter Edith (age 17) from his first marriage. In the census, Seth is mistakenly listed as female.¹ They moved to Cascades, Clackamas Co., Oregon, by 1910⁴, to Boise, Ada Co., Idaho, by 1920⁷, and to Meridian, Ada Co., Idaho, by 1930.⁸
     He was primarily a stone mason or bricklayer, but was listed as a farmer in the 1910 census.^1,7,8,2,4

     Anna Sophia Swikert was born about 1856 in Michigan.^3,4 She married first James Prosser, son of William Prosser and Louisa Keith. There were apparently two ceremonies, one on 27 September 1874, and one on 5 October 1874, both in Campbell, Ionia Co., Michigan, and both performed by Joseph Briggs, Justice. In the first the witnesses were Jacob Sleuster and Mick Mead, and in the second they were William Prosser, presumably the groom's father or brother, and Talmadge Clifford, husband of the groom's sister Mahala.^5,6 She was married second, by D. G. Palmer, J. P., to John H. Schultz, son of Fred Schultz and (?) Kline, on 10 April 1899 in Jackson, Jackson Co., Michigan.⁷ They were divorced on 16 September 1903 (filed by Anna on 27 June 1903, charging desertion) in Barry Co., Michigan.⁸ She was married third, by Chauncey R. Bishop, J. P., to Lyman W. Jones, son of H. G. Jones and E. A. Heath, on 18 September 1903 in Hastings, Barry Co., Michigan.^2,9 Lyman filed for a divorce on 28 September 1910, but it was apparently never finalized, and the case was dismissed on 13 March 1916 "for want of prosecution."¹⁰ She died in 1950.¹
     She and her first husband James Prosser were living next to her parents Samuel and Angelina Swikert in Carlton, Barry Co., Michigan, in 1880.¹¹ They had at least six children: Addie Louisa (b 12 March 1876, d 1 February 1882), Herley (b January 1881, d 13 February 1882), Agnes M. (b 9 June 1883), Glenrey (b 14 April 1887, d 23 April 1887), Lena (b 22 June 1888), Louis M. (b 27 April 1891).^{12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20}
     In 1900 she and her second husband John H. Schultz were living in Blackman Twp., Jackson Co., Michigan. Living with them were John's son-in-law and daughter Fred and Agnes Brown, and Anna's children Lena and Louis from her first marriage.²¹
     She and her third husband Lyman W. Jones were living in Irving Twp., Barry Co., Michigan, in 1910.⁹ By 1920 they had moved to Sturgis Twp., St. Joseph Co., Michigan. Living with them in 1920 was Anna's son Louis Prosser.²² In 1930 she was living with her daughter Lena's family in Fawn River Twp., St. Joseph Co., Michigan, and listed in the census as a widow.²³