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     Samuel Leach was born at Rial-side in Salem, Essex Co., Massachusetts.³ He was baptized on 28 April 1677 in Salem, Essex Co., Massachusetts.³ He was married first, by Rev. Jos. Green, to Ginger Porter, daughter of Israel Porter and Elizabeth Hathorne, on 25 September 1699.^1,3 He married second Hepzibah Rea, daughter of Daniel Rea and Hepzibah Peabody, on 1 April 1710.³ He married third Abigail Baker on 5 March 1718/19.³ He died in 1732, probably in Rial-Side, Salem (now Beverly), Essex Co., Massachusetts.^4,3
     In the will of his first wife's father Israel Porter he was left her share of his estate because he had been "a kind husband to her."³

     Ginger Porter was born on 6 October 1679 (the Leach genealogy says 10 October 1679) in Salem, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^2,1 She was married by by Rev. Jos. Green to Samuel Leach, son of John Leach and Elizabeth Flint, on 25 September 1699.^2,1 She died in 1706.¹

     John Leach was born in 1647 (the booklet by Fred Bowditch says 1646) on the Leach farm at Rial-side in Salem, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,3 He was baptized on 3 July 1648 at the First Church in Salem, Essex Co., Massachusetts.¹ He married Elizabeth Flint, daughter of Thomas Flint and Ann (?), on 20 May 1667.¹ He died on 5 March 1717/18 (the Leach genealogy says 5 March 1711), probably in Rial-Side, Salem (now Beverly), Essex Co., Massachusetts.^4,5,1
     He served during King Philip's War under Lieut. Philip Curtis, in Capt. Daniel Henchman's Co., beginning on 2 November 1675, and was credited on 30 November with £1 19s 4d. He also served in Capt. Samuel Mosley's Co., and received £4 19s 4d on 10 December 1675, and £2 4s on 29 February 1675/76.¹

More Information / Background

• King Philip's War.
  

     Elizabeth Flint was born on 30 April 1650.² She married John Leach, son of Richard Leach and Sarah Fuller, on 20 May 1667.¹ She died on 8 February 1719/20, probably in Rial-Side, Salem (now Beverly), Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 69.^3,1

     Richard Leach was baptized on 7 February 1618/19 in Sonning, Berkshire, England.² He married Sarah Fuller, daughter of (?) Fuller and Anne (?).^1,3 He died on 9 May 1687 (an NEHGR article says after 4 February 1684/85) on the Leach farm at Rial-side in Salem, Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 68.^3,2
     He was granted land near his brother John in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1639.³ In 1648 he was a member of the First Church there.³
     On 27 August 1644 he was charged with receiving a pig from John Burrage, which his uncle John Leach hid, and "not having it cried [i.e., announcing it?], until three months later." He and his uncle were each fined 20 shillings.¹ He became a freeman in Salem in 1665.³ He served as a Lieutenant in the militia in 1675, and became Captain in 1677.³
     His will was proved on 25 November 1687. He left legacies to his wife Sarah; son John; daughters Elizabeth Collins, Mary Ireson, Hannah, and Rachel; Joseph, Sarah, and John Herrick, children of his daughter Sarah, and "young Pasho Foote."³

     Sarah Fuller married Richard Leach, son of Lawrence Leach and Elizabeth Mileham.^1,2
     She was admitted to the First Church in Salem, Essex Co., Massachusetts, on 1 September 1648.^3,2

     Anne (?) married (?) Fuller.¹

     (?) Fuller married Anne (?).¹

     Lawrence Leach was born about 1577 (based on his age of "85 years or thereabouts" when he made his will) in England.³ He married Elizabeth Mileham, daughter of John Mylam and Elizabeth (?), on 2 February 1605/6 in Hurst, Berkshire, England.³ He died before 25 June 1662, when his will was proved.¹
     He and his wife Elizabeth emigrated from England to Salem, Massachusetts, as part of the Massachusetts Bay Company. Their ship, The Talbot, arrived at Manchester Harbor on 27 June 1629.² Matthew Craddock (governor of the Massachusetts Bay Company) wrote in a letter to John Endicott (the appointed governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony), dated 17 April 1629, "We desire you to take notice of one Lawrence Leach, whom we have found a careful and painful man, and we doubt not but he will continue his diligence let him have deserving respect."¹
     He was active in civic affairs, serving several times as a juryman between 1630 and 1642, including the 9 November 1630 manslaughter trial of Walter Palmer for the death of Austen Bratcher, in which the defendant was found not guilty. He also served as selectman from 1636-1640, and in 1642.^2,1 He requested status as a freeman in Salem on 19 October 1630, and was selected on 18 May 1631.¹ He and his wife Elizabeth were listed among the church members in Salem in 1636.¹
     He was granted 100 acres of upland and six acres of marsh in Salem on 17 February 1636/37, and an additional 3/4 acre of marsh on 25 December 1637. He was also granted 15 acres of meadow on 7 May 1638, and 10 more acres on 9 December 1639.¹
     On 18 March 1657/58 he entered a caution (an entry in the land records indicating a person's legal interest in a tract of land) for his son Richard, stating that he had transferred all of his farm to Richard, except for what he and his wife needed for the remainder of their lives.¹
     His oral will was made about a year before his death, and was proved in Salem on 25 June 1662 ("25 (4) 1662"). He left everything, after his debts were paid, including £30 "for the mill," to his wife Elizabeth, who was appointed administrator. His estate was valued at £138 14s 8d, and included: his house with two acres of land, £30; a mill, £40; 20 acres of unimproved land, £10; and 15 acres of meadow, £20.^2,4,1
     John Leach, brother of Lawrence Leach, also emigrated from England to Massachusetts, but without his wife, and was admitted as a resident of Salem on 23 January 1636/37. This was likely the same John Leach who married Margaret Webb in Sonning, Berkshire, England, on 9 October 1623. In February 1648/49 John Leach Sr. was questioned by the Court about living apart from his wife in England. Margaret Leach "widow" was buried on 23 August 1651 in Hurst, Berkshire, England. In his oral will made in 1658, he left his estate to John Leach, son of Richard Leach.^3,1
     The Leach genealogy published by F. Phelps Leach in 1924 lists ten children for Lawrence Leach and his wife Elizabeth, including Ambrose Leach, James Leach, Edmund Leach and Giles Leach. However, in The Great Migration Begins, 1620-1633, Robert Charles Anderson notes that the Leach genealogy included as sons of Lawrence "many persons of the same surname from all parts of New England (and even from old England) who could not have been his children," and that in addition the entry for Robert Leach combined information on two different men by that name. The children listed here include only those supported by more reliable sources.¹

More Information / Background

• Puritan migration to New England (1620–1640)
  
• New England's Great Migration
  
• Winthrop Fleet.
  

     Elizabeth Mileham married Lawrence Leach on 2 February 1605/6 in Hurst, Berkshire, England.¹ She died about 1674.²
     She and her husband Lawrence emigrated from England to Salem, Massachusetts, as part of the Massachusetts Bay Company. Their ship, The Talbot, arrived at Manchester Harbor on 27 June 1629.² They were both listed among the church members in Salem in 1636.³

     William Abbot was born on 6 January 1785 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,2,3 He married Hepsibah Batchelder, daughter of Nathaniel Batchelder and Hannah Conant, on 15 December 1808 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,5,6 Town records and his grave marker say he fell overboard and drowned at sea on 19 July 1811. However, records of the First Parish Unitarian Church say he was buried on 13 June 1811 at age 27.^1,7,3 He was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁸

     Martha Abbot was born on 18 December 1786 or 1787 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,6 She died on 3 July 1809 (her cemetery marker says 1 July 1809, and the genealogy by Frederick Bowditch says 22 July 1809) in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,2,7,3 She was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁷

     John Abbot was born on 14 February 1789 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,2,3 He died from consumption on 29 June 1809 (his gravestone says 3 June 1809, and the genealogy by Frederick Bowditch says 9 July 1809) in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 20.^1,5,6,3 He was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁷

     Elizabeth B. Abbot was born on 10 March 1794 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,6,3 She was baptized on 16 March 1794 at the First Parish Unitarian Church in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,2 She was married by Rev. A. Abbot to Oliver Blanchard on 15 November 1814 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,7 She died on 25 October 1818 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 24 from consumption.⁸

     Georgiana Abbot was born on 28 October 1823 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.² Sometime before 7 June 1845 she and Charles Elisha Whitney Lamson, son of Nathaniel Lamson and Lucy Whitney, became engaged.³ They married on 2 September 1847 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁴ She died on 8 March 1848 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 24 a week after prematurely giving birth to a son.^5,6 She was buried on 10 March 1848 at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^7,8
     Among the collection of Abbot/Bowditch Family Letters handed down in the family are several that Georgiana wrote to her sister Elizabeth after Elizabeth's marriage and move to North Carolina in 1845, full of humor and hometown news and gossip. We also have two letters to Elizabeth from her friend Elizabeth (Woodberry) Story, dated 8 March and 10 March 1848, telling her about Georgiana's death, and a poem about her death written by Angelina Frink.

     Charles Elisha Whitney Lamson was born on 18 May 1820 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.³ Sometime before 7 June 1845 he and Georgiana Abbot, daughter of George Abbot and Nancy Stickney, became engaged.⁴ They married on 2 September 1847 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁵ He married second Lucretia B. Foster, daughter of Thomas Foster and Sarah Lakeman, on 28 February 1859 in Boston, Suffolk Co., Massachusetts.⁶ He died on 30 November 1889 at home in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 69 after suffering for a year with heart disease.^7,8 He was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁹
     He was a merchant ship captain, and spent most of his life at sea, including several trips around Cape Horn.^8,5
     He served in the U.S. Navy during the Civil War as acting master of at least three ships participating in the Union blockade along the Gulf Coast.¹⁰ In August 1861 he was appointed commander of the newly-commissioned USS Pampero. She was assigned to the Gulf Blockading Squadron, which patrolled from Key West to the Mexican border, serving as a storeship and collier (coal carrier). When the squadron was divided in two in February 1862 the Pampero became part of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron.¹¹
     In March 1862 he was transferred to command the three-masted schooner USS Kittitanny.¹² On Saturday 26 April 1862 the Kittitanny was among four Union ships anchored near the Confederate-held Fort Livingston on Grand Terre Island, about 50 miles south of New Orleans. The fort normally flew the Confederate flag every Sunday, but on the 27th a truce flag was spotted instead. Boats from the Kittitanny and the Henry James immediately headed for the fort, which was found abandoned when they arrived. The Kittitanny's boat arrived first, and had the honor of raising the American flag over the fort.^13,14
     During his time as commander of the Kittitanny she captured at least five vessels attempting to run the blockade. The British schooner Julia was captured on 11 May 1862 and sent to Key West "for adjudication."^15,16 Other ships captured by the Kittitanny included the Confederate schooner Emma bound for Jamaica with 121 bales of cotton on 27 September 1862, the English schooner Matilda on 25 November 1862 and the schooner Diana the next day, and the D. Sargent bound for Honduras with 51 bales of cotton on 12 March 1863.¹⁷ Not long after the capture of the D. Sargent, the Kittitanny sailed for New York for repairs.¹⁸
     While in New York, Lamson was named acting master of the Granite City, a side-wheel steamer that had been a Confederate blockade runner and was captured by the Union Navy and converted into a gunboat. The Granite City, like his previous ships, was assigned to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, and arrived at New Orleans on 27 August 1863. After a week in quarantine she left to join the Sabine Pass expedition, a joint Army/Navy attempt to invade Texas by landing 5000 troops at the location of Fort Griffin (previously Fort Sabine) about two miles upstream on the west bank of the Sabine River. In addition to the troop transports and the Granite City, three other gunboats were involved, the Sachem, Clifton, and Arizona, all with shallow drafts that allowed them to cross the sand bar at the mouth of the river.¹⁹
     The landings were to begin with a surprise dawn attack on the fort on 7 September 1863. On 4 September the Granite City was sent to the area with orders to contact the senior blockade officer, who was to anchor one of the blockade vessels off the pass with lights as a rendezvous signal for the other vessels due to arrive the night of September 6-7. The Granite City arrived on 6 September, but found no one there. It was later learned that the only blockade ship had gone to Galveston for coal and oil.²⁰ This, along with several other mistakes in communication and coordination among the parties involved, caused a delay and negated the element of surprise. The commanders of the expedition jointly formulated new attack plans.²¹
     The fort was on the west side of the river about two miles upstream from its mouth, and near the fort the river was divided into two channels by an oyster reef. The plan was for the Clifton to start moving slowly up the western channel while firing at the fort. The Sachem and Arizona were then to move quickly up the eastern channel, forcing the Confederates to concentrate their fire on them, at which point the Clifton was to speed upstream to a position that would allow Army sharpshooters on board to pick off the Confederate artillerymen. The Granite City was to follow behind the Clifton to a position south of the fort and cover the first landing of troops from one of the Army transports.
     The attack began at 3:30 the afternoon of 8 September, but things quickly began unraveling. The Arizona temporarily ran aground on the oyster reef, causing it to fall behind the Sachem. Then the Sachem also ran aground, closer to the fort, and was completely disabled when a Confederate shell hit its boiler causing an explosion. By then the Arizona had freed itself and moved forward, but backed out of the channel after seeing the Sachem disabled.²² In the meantime the Clifton had also run aground in the western channel, and was also disabled by Confederate fire. They continued firing on the fort, hoping to be saved when the Army landed its troops and the Granite City arrived to help. But the troops never landed and the Clifton surrendered, soon followed by the Sachem.²³
     The Granite City, seeing what had happened, retreated downstream, passing the Army troop transports on the way, and also reportedly passing several Union soldiers running along the shore after jumping from the Clifton. The Arizona also retreated, but ran aground again. Lamson was ordered to take the Granite City back upriver to assist in the evacuation, but refused, saying he had run aground several times on his way out, and with darkness coming was unable to help. The Arizona finally freed itself around midnight.²⁴ The Union ended up losing 28-35 men killed and 350 taken as prisoners, along with the two gunboats.²⁵
     On 2 October 1863 Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles ordered Commodore Bell, the leader of the expedition, to convene a court of enquiry into the conduct of the commanders of the Arizona and Granite City. Bell's response on 30 October reported that the two ships were at sea doing blockade duty, and the evidence needed was with the Army which at that time was in the field, and Welles's order would thus be followed "as soon as practicable."²⁶ On 4 March 1864 Rear Admiral David Farragut reported the proceedings of the court of enquiry to Welles, saying "The statements of General Franklin and the other army officers go to show a want of proper consideration for the army transports, particularly on the part of the Granite City." He noted that "there is ground for a court-martial," but said that holding one at that time "would be attended with great inconvenience" and that obtaining the witnesses would be difficult or impossible until the Army's current expedition was over. No court martial was ever held.²⁷
     After the Sabine Pass battle Lamson and the Granite City returned to blockade duty along the Texas coast. They captured the schooner Anita on 27 October 1863, then the schooner Amelia Ann on 16 November and the bark Teresita the next day.
     Along with the gunboat Sciota, the Granite City shelled Confederate positions off Pass Cavallo on 31 December 1863 to assist in the landing of reconnaissance forces, and again near Smith's Landing on 19 January 1864 in support of the landing of several hundred troops.¹⁹ The commanding officer of the troops landed at Pass Cavallo wrote in his report "To Captain Lamson, of the Granite City, great credit is due for his exertion to retard and drive back the enemy. By the loss he inflicted upon them it is clear but for the heavy sea he would have freed us from any exertion."²⁸
     In late April 1864 the Granite City, and the Wave under acting Lt. Benjamin Loring, were sent to Calcasieu Pass about 30 miles east of Sabine Pass to help the Army acquire livestock and seek recruits from Union loyalists in the area. They were attacked by the Confederates on shore at dawn on 6 May 1864, and both eventually surrendered.²⁹ Lt. Loring's report, dated three days later under a flag of truce while being held as a prisoner, said that ten were wounded on the Wave, five severely, and that the Granite City had two men killed and thirteen wounded, five severely.³⁰
     Union Rear Adm. Farragut blamed the defeat on the negligence and cowardice of the two ships' commanders "as he customarily did."²⁹ His 23 May 1864 report to the Secretary of the Navy said that ten from the Granite City were wounded, with two later dying, and eight from the Wave were wounded, "all flesh wounds." It appears that Farragut may have had a bias against "acting" Union officers, as opposed to commissioned officers in the regular Navy. He also wrote that "it appears that they had come to the conclusion, as most of these gentlemen do, that there is no danger in the enemy's country so long as you do not see it." He also wrote "It is mortifying to see my vessels behave so badly, but I have none else but these volunteer officers to send in them, and Acting Master Lamson was accused of acting badly in the Sabine affair."³⁰
     The crews of the Granite City and the Wave that were captured at Calcasieu Pass, including Charles Lamson, were eventually sent to the Confederate prison at Camp Groce in Hempstead, Waller Co., Texas. They were paroled there on 12 December 1864, and delivered to Galveston, Texas, on 19 December for transportation on board the USS Bienville to New Orleans, Louisiana.³¹
     Charles and his second wife Lucretia had three children: Charles Alden (b 16 October 1861), Clara Whitney (b 12 December 1865), Alice Palmer (b 1 January 1869).³²

More Information / Background

• Second Battle of Sabine Pass
  
• Victory at Calcasieu Pass
  
• Camp Groce Facebook page, post of 21 December 2015 listing names of prisoners, including 36 from the Granite City and 27 from the Wave.
  

     Emily Hooper was born on 27 March 1836 (based on her age at death of 70 years, 6 months, 22 days) in Brookline, Norfolk Co., Massachusetts (her marriage record says Boston).^3,2,1 She married first George William Abbot, son of George Abbot and Nancy Stickney, on 7 March 1861 in Roxbury, Suffolk Co., Massachusetts.¹ She was married second by the Lord Bishop of Honolulu to William Webster on 20 February 1864 "at the Cathedral" in Honolulu, Hawaii.^4,3 She died from heart failure, with asthma as a contributing cause, on 19 October 1906 in Newton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts, at age 70.³ She was buried on 21 October 1906 at Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts.³
     In an 8 May 1859 letter to Elizabeth (Abbot) Bowditch from her sister Martha telling her about their brother George's engagement, Emily was described as "a splendid girl," although "not pretty." She also said "George has been in love with her for two years," and "She will make him a nice wife. I never knew anyone to have so much influence as she has over George. Every one that knows her is delighted and says George is a lucky fellow."⁵
     Tragically, her husband George died on 24 June 1861, just 3 1/2 months after their marriage.^1,6 Emily's second marriage also ended tragically, when her husband William Webster died unexpectedly on 23 March 1864, barely a month after their wedding. Although she was just 27 at the time, she never remarried.^2,3,7
     In 1865 she was living as a widow with her parents in Roxbury, Norfolk Co., Massachusetts,⁸ and she is probably the Emily Webster listed as age 30 in Brookline, Norfolk Co., in the 1870 census, living in a boarding house and working as a schoolteacher.⁹ From at least 1880 to 1900 she lived in her own home on Fountain St. in Newton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. In 1880 her mother Priscilla and sister Ellen, both also widows, were living with her, along with two of Ellen's children and an Irish servant. In 1900 a different widowed sister, Elizabeth, was living with her, along with a niece and grand-nephew, and again an Irish servant.^10,11

     Martha Ellen Abbot was born on 23 May 1829 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.¹ She died on 7 August 1830 (Beverly vital records say 8 August, but her grave marker and death notice say 7 August) in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 1.^3,4 She was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁵

     John Edwin Abbot was born on 17 August 1831 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.¹ He died suddenly at home in Morganton, Burke Co., North Carolina, on 15 January 1911 at age 79. He had felt fine the day before, but woke during the night with what he thought was indigestion. A doctor was called who diagnosed "a very serious affection of the heart," and he died later that morning.^3,4 He was buried on 18 January 1911 at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁵
     He was a mariner early in his life, first going to sea in late 1846 or early 1847 at age 15.⁶ In a letter home he wrote about a 16-18 month trip around the world, starting from Boston. The first three months were spent traveling to San Francisco via Cape Horn, and a mutiny arose near the cape. The mutiny was suppressed, the mutineers were put in irons, and the first mate was left ashore in San Francisco. From there they crossed the Pacific to Manila in ten months, then sailed to Singapore, Penang, and Calcutta where they stayed two months and took on cargo, then headed back home to Boston. They made a stop along the way at the island of St. Helena, where he visited Napoleon's tomb.⁷
     In another letter, dated 21 August 1854 in New York, he wrote about an upcoming voyage on the ship Australia.

     They actually sailed from New York on 23 August, and arrived at Port Philip in Australia on 6 January 1855.⁹ From there they sailed to Manila in the Philippines, arriving on 6 April 1855.¹⁰ On their way home to New York they encountered bad weather from 21-23 June, causing a leak and other damage, and on 3 July they put in at the island of Mauritius to make repairs.¹¹ They arrived home in October 1855, according to the dates listed in the Phillips Library catalog for the ship's logbook.¹² However, he was listed in Beverly in the 1855 state census, enumerated on 10 September, living with his brother George and George's new wife Sarah, along with his sisters Martha and Ellen. Living with them were servants Julia Corbett (age 21, born in Ireland) and Mariano Mastin (25, born in Manila).¹³
     By 1859 he had grown tired of his life at sea and gave it up at age 28. He arrived home sometime between November 1858 and May 1859 "after a long and tedious voyage" from Calcutta, having been away more than two years. In September of 1859 his sister Martha wrote "John has about decided to spend a year at home. His last long voyage quite sickened him of the sea."^4,14
     He was listed in Beverly in the 1860 census, along with George, Martha, Ellen, and probably Frederick, and a servant Hannah Corbet (age 25, born in Ireland).^15,16 He was again listed in Beverly in the 1865 census, presumably in the same house, along with his sister Martha, her husband William Thorndike and their two-year-old son Paul, and his sister Ellen. They had two servants, Ellen O'Keefe (21) and Catherine Collins (23), both born in Ireland.¹⁷
     Although he had given up his seafaring life in 1859, his occupation was listed as mariner in both 1860 and 1865, so he apparently still felt an attachment to it. We have no evidence of him making additional voyages, however, and he was at home in Beverly in 1863.^15,17,18
     He not been found in the 1870 or 1880 census, but according to his obituary he lived in Beverly and Boston, Massachusetts, after the Civil War, and later in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.⁴
     He traveled to Milwaukee for his sister Ellen's wedding on 22 October 1868. He planned on leaving there for Chicago on 26 October, then going by train to New York, leaving a day later for his sister Elizabeth's home in Yancey Co., North Carolina.¹⁹
     Whether he began living with Elizabeth and her husband Joseph at this time is unknown^20,19, but he was likely living with them by 30 July 1875, when he deeded to Elizabeth a 750-acre parcel of land in Yancey Co., described as "the homestead of Joseph H. Bowditch alloted and layed off by the Sheriff of said county," for $1.00.^21,22 He was listed with them there in Crabtree Twp. in the 1900 census, and was living with his niece Georgiana in the family home after Elizabeth and Joseph's deaths.²³
     On 30 April 1907 he and Georgiana moved to Burnsville, Yancey Co., North Carolina, where they boarded for a few months before moving to Morganton, Burke Co., North Carolina, in September 1907.²⁴ They are listed together in Morganton in the 1910 census.²⁵
     His grand-nephew Frederick Tryon Bowditch recalled visiting his Aunt Georgiana in Morganton as a child and "being shown Uncle John's room," which included "a very exciting array of firearms, fishing tackle, and mysterious gear of one sort or another," along with a "stern admonition to stay out."²⁶
     His will was dated 6 August 1907 in Boston, and proved on 9 February 1911. He gave his residence at the time as Boston, "temporarily residing in Yancey County, North Carolina." The New England Trust Company in Boston was named executor. He left his household furniture, clothing, books, pictures, etc., to his niece Georgiana, asking her to distribute the items among his friends and relatives who would "best appreciate" them. He made a specific bequest of $200 to his niece Edith Abbot McCormick, daughter of his deceased brother Frederick Abbot, noting that that sum had been left to him by her father. He requested that the money be deposited in some institution, and that the principal and accumulated interest be divided among her children at age 21. He also left $25 to his nephew John Abbot Bowditch, son of his sister Elizabeth.
     The remainder of his estate was left to Georgiana, who was to have the use of his real estate during her lifetime, and all income from the estate was to be paid to her at least annually. At her death his estate was to be converted into money and distributed between eight nephews and nieces (or their issue), with 1/4 each to Abbot McClure and Edith Abbot McCormick, and 1/12 each to Joseph Bowditch, Frederick Bowditch, Charles I. Bowditch, Paul Thorndike, Abbot Thorndike, and William Thorndike. Not mentioned was his nephew Nathaniel Ingersoll Bowditch, whose whereabouts were unknown.²⁷
     The initial inventory of the estate was filed on 18 March 1911. His personal estate was valued at $16,463.45, and consisted of stocks (most in railroads), bonds, and savings in Morganton and Burnsville banks. He had no real estate.²⁸ The executor's final account was filed on 20 January 1914 and approved 26 March 1914, and his estate was then valued at $16,699.99.²⁹

     Charles Henry Abbot was born on 28 July 1834 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.¹ He died from dropsy in the head (records of the First Parish Unitarian Church say brain fever) on 8 March 1844 (his gravestone says 5 March 1844) in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts, at age 9.³ He was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁴

     Martha Eliza Abbot was born on 28 December 1835 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.¹ She married William H. Thorndike, son of Albert Thorndike and Joanna Batchelder Lovett, on 17 April 1862 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^3,4 She died from "remittent fever" on 15 September 1870 in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, at age 34.^5,2 She was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁶
     Her mother died, apparently by suicide, in June 1851 when she was 15 years old, barely three years after her father's death in 1848. On 30 September 1851 John I. Baker of Beverly was appointed as her guardian, and of her sister Ellen and brother Frederick. This guardianship was apparently only for the children's financial interests; there's no evidence that they ever lived with him.^7,8
     From comments in letters written by her and Ellen to their sister Elizabeth in North Carolina, it appears that after their parents' deaths the children remained in their family home in Beverly, and that Sarah Bowditch, sister of Elizabeth's husband Joseph Henry Bowditch, moved there to care for them. (The children had two older brothers, George W. Abbot (25, who Sarah would marry in 1855) and John E. Abbot (19), but both were unmarried, and as mariners were often away at sea.)^{9,10,11,12,13,14}
     She is listed in Beverly in the 1855 Massachusetts state census living with her brother George and his new wife Sarah, along with her siblings John, Ellen, and Frederick. Living with them were servants Julia Corbett (age 21, born in Ireland) and Mariano Mastin (25, born in Manila).¹⁵ She was again listed in Beverly in the 1860 census, along with George, John, Ellen, and probably Frederick, and a servant Hannah Corbet (age 25, born in Ireland).^16,17
     On 9 May 1865, immediately after the Civil War, she and her husband William and their two-year-old son Paul were listed in Beverly in the Massachusetts state census, living with her brother John and sister Ellen. They had two servants, Ellen O'Keefe (21) and Catherine Collins (23), both born in Ireland.¹⁸
     After three years experience as a surgeon in the Army during the war, her husband William found Beverly too confining for his medical practice and wanted "a larger field to work in." So, in October 1865 they moved to Milwaukee a growing city of about 60,000 people, about ten times the size of Beverly.¹⁹ Living with them there in 1870 were Martha's sister Ellen and her husband Johnson McClure and family, plus servants Gena Darnell and Nora White.²⁰

     William H. Thorndike was born on 17 April 1835 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^5,3 He married Martha Eliza Abbot, daughter of George Abbot and Nancy Stickney, on 17 April 1862 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^4,6 He died on 29 January 1887 in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, at age 51 from a lung ailment brought on by "fatigue, anxiety, and exposure" suffered while attending to patients during a harsh winter. The funeral was conducted by the Loyal Legion.^3,5 He was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁷
     He graduated from Harvard College in Cambridge, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts, in 1854⁵, and from Harvard Medical School in Boston three years later.⁵ He then served as a "house pupil" (i.e., resident) at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston for eighteen months, and also at Rainsford Island Hospital in Boston Harbor, before setting up his own practice in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁵
     On 21 May 1862, as a civilian, he was one of 25 surgeons who were requisitioned and sent to assist the Army of the Potomac near Williamsburg, Virginia, during the Civil War.² He later enlisted in Beverly, on 11 August 1862, as first assistant surgeon in the 34th Massachusetts Infantry, and was commissioned as a first lieutenant the following day.⁸ The regiment traveled to Washington, D.C., 15-17 August 1862, and remained in the area as part of the defense of the Capital until the following summer.⁹ During that time, in February 1863, William returned home on leave from the War Department, probably in anticipation of the birth of his son Paul, "[in] spite of the disapproval of Gen. Heintzelman," commander of the 22nd Corps.¹⁰
     On 9 July 1863 his regiment left Washington for Harper's Ferry, West Virginia, but William was left behind for a time in charge of the hospital.¹¹ The regiment remained at Harper's Ferry until February 1864. On 18 October 1863 they fought at Ripon, West Virginia, "with slight loss." They led an expedition to Harrisonburg, Virginia, beginning on 10 December and traveling up the Shenandoah River, and returned to Harper's Ferry on 24 December.⁹
     While at Harper's Ferry, William was promoted to full surgeon on 17 November 1863, to be transferred to the 39th Massachusetts Infantry. The lieutenant colonel of the 34th Regiment, William Lincoln, noted in his diary on 31 November that "both as officer and man [he] has won the esteem and love of the whole command," and that "his personal gain, from this promotion, don't at all reconcile us to our loss." He noted further on 31 December that "we shall be fortunate indeed if we secure a successor who comes any way near filling his place." On 3 January 1864 he was still with the 34th because Maj. Gen. Kelley, commander of the division, refused to let him go, saying "the exigencies of the service require his presence in this department."¹² He was commissioned as a major in the 39th Regiment on 22 January 1864⁸, but didn't actually leave for his new assignment until 31 January.¹³
     The 39th was camped at Mitchell's Station near the Cedar Mountain battlefield in Culpeper Co., Virginia, during the winter of 1863-64. They broke camp on 4 May 1864 as part of Grant's Overland Campaign, and quickly found themselves engaged with the enemy on the Orange Turnpike at the Battle of the Wilderness from 5-6 May, where they lost 2 men killed and 18 wounded, and on the Brock road at Spotsylvania on 8 and 10 May, where they lost a total of 135 men with 32 killed. They left the area of Spotsylvania on 21 May, and were at the Battle of North Anna from 23 to 26 May, and the Battle of Cold Harbor from 31 May to 12 June, suffering only light casualties.
     They crossed the James River on 16 June, and joined the Union lines at Petersburg, Virginia. They were heavily engaged at the Weldon Railroad from 18-19 August 1864, with 10 men killed, 32 wounded, and 245 captured. During the winter of 1864-65 they were involved in various activities during the Siege of Petersburg, including the Battle of Hatcher's Run from 5-7 February 1865, and near White Oak Road in the Battle of Five Forks on 31 March and 1 April.¹⁴
     After the fall of Petersburg the regiment joined in the pursuit of Gen. Lee's army, and were just a few miles from Appomattox Court House when Lee surrendered there on 9 April. They left Appomattox on 15 April, eventually reaching Fort Albany in Arlington, Virginia, on 12 May. The regiment participated in the Grand Review in Washington on 23 May, and William was officially mustered out on 2 June 1865. The regiment traveled home to Readville, Massachusetts, arriving on 6 June, and were paid and disbanded on 14 June.^14,8,15
     Immediately after the war, on 9 May 1865, he and his wife Martha and their two-year-old son Paul were listed in Beverly in the Massachusetts state census, living with Martha's brother John and sister Ellen. There were two servants, Ellen O'Keefe (21) and Catherine Collins (23), both born in Ireland.¹⁶
     After three years experience as a surgeon in the Army during the war, he found Beverly too confining for his medical practice and wanted "a larger field to work in." So, in October 1865 he and Martha moved to Milwaukee a growing city of about 60,000 people, about ten times the size of Beverly.¹⁷ Living with them there in 1870 were Martha's sister Ellen and her husband Johnson McClure and family, plus servants Gena Darnell and Nora White.¹⁸ In 1880, after his wife Martha's death, he continued to share his household in Milwaukee with her sister Ellen and her family. Also living there were servants Minnie O'Donel and Sue Smith.¹⁹
     His medical practice thrived in Milwaukee, where he developed a large clientele, and he was one of the original members of the Milwaukee Medical and Surgical Club (now the Milwaukee Academy of Medicine), serving as secretary for many years. He was also a member of the county and state medical societies.⁵ He was a charter member of the Loyal Legion, a patriotic organization formed by Civil War military officers in 1865; a member of the Masonic Order, Wisconsin Lodge No. 13; and an active member and officer in the Unitarian Church.⁵ He loved music, was a member of the local Philharmonic Society, and a charter member and president of the Arion Musical Club.⁵
     His obituary describes him as "a well educated, successful physician, but also a man of refinement, scholarly tastes, general cultivation, and of such general character and worth as to endear him to all who knew him well." It also says he was "unassuming in demeanor," and "rather retiring than forward in intercourse; rendering an intimate acquaintance necessary to fully appreciate his value."⁵

More Information / Background

• 34th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry
  
• Rippon, West Virginia
  
• 39th Regiment, Massachusetts Infantry
  
• Overland Campaign
  
• Battle of the Wilderness
  
• Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
  
• Battle of North Anna
  
• Battle of Cold Harbor
  
• Siege of Petersburg
  
• Battle of Globe Tavern
  
• Battle of Hatcher's Run
  
• Battle of Five Forks
  
• Grand Review of the Armies
  
• Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.
  

     Ellen Louisa Abbot was born on 13 September 1837 (her death record says 15 September 1837) in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^3,2 She married Johnson McClure, son of Josiah Edward McClure and Harriet Johnson, on 22 October 1868 in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin.⁴ She died on 8 March 1887 in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, at age 49 from pneumonia.² She was buried at Forest Home Cemetery (Section 10) in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin.⁵
     Her mother died, apparently by suicide, in June 1851 when she was 13 years old, barely three years after her father's death in 1848. On 30 September 1851 John I. Baker of Beverly was appointed as her guardian, and of her sister Martha and brother Frederick. This guardianship was apparently only for the children's financial interests; there's no evidence that they ever lived with him.^6,7
     From comments in letters written by her and Martha to their sister Elizabeth in North Carolina, it appears that after their parents' deaths the children remained in their family home in Beverly, and that Sarah Bowditch, sister of Elizabeth's husband Joseph Henry Bowditch, moved there to care for them. (The children had two older brothers, George W. Abbot (25, who Sarah would marry in 1855) and John E. Abbot (19), but both were unmarried, and as mariners were often away at sea.)^{8,9,10,11,12,13}
     She is listed in Beverly in the 1855 Massachusetts state census living with her brother George and his new wife Sarah, along with her siblings John, Martha, and Frederick. Living with them were servants Julia Corbett (age 21, born in Ireland) and Mariano Mastin (25, born in Manila).¹⁴ She was again listed in Beverly in the 1860 census, along with George, John, Martha, and probably Frederick, and a servant Hannah Corbet (age 25, born in Ireland).^15,16 She was still there in the 1865 state census, living with her brother John. Also living there were her sister Martha and her husband William H. Thorndike, and their son Paul. They had two servants, Ellen O'Keefe (21) and Catherine Collins (23), both born in Ireland.¹⁷
     Martha and William moved to Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, in October 1865. Ellen did not move with them, as proved by a 24 November 1865 letter from Martha to their sister Elizabeth that says she had just received a letter from Ellen, who was then still in Beverly. Ellen probably did join them in Milwaukee not long afterward, however, since her future husband Johnson McClure lived there, they were married there in 1868, and there's no indication that Johnson was ever in Beverly.^4,18
     She and Johnson and their family lived in Milwaukee from at least 1870 to 1880 in the same household as her brother-in-law William Thorndike and his family. (Her sister Martha died in September 1870.) Their household included servants Gena Darnell and Nora White in 1870, and Minnie O'Donel and Sue Smith in 1880.^19,20

     Johnson McClure was born on 23 October 1837 in Chicago, Cook Co., Illinois.³ He married Ellen Louisa Abbot, daughter of George Abbot and Nancy Stickney, on 22 October 1868 in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin.⁴ He died on 25 November 1898 at the home of Mrs. Adams in Wauwatosa, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, at age 61, after being "an invalid for some time."² He was buried at Forest Home Cemetery in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin.⁵
     In 1842 he moved with his parents to Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin.³ He began his education in the Milwaukee public schools, then went to high school at the Canandaigua Academy in Canandaigua, Ontario Co., New York.² He moved back to Milwaukee by 1860, when he was listed there with his parents in the census.⁶
     After returning to Milwaukee he began working at the Milwaukee National Bank, first as a clerk, then as cashier.^6,2,7 He retired due to failing health brought on by the stress of the financial crisis of 1893, when the bank was reorganized.^2,8 He soon returned to work, however, and on 16 January 1894 was unanimously elected manager of the Milwaukee Clearing House Association.^2,9,10 He left that position in late 1897, again due to failing health caused by the pressure of business.²
     After his marriage, from at least 1870 to 1880, he and his wife Ellen and their family lived in Milwaukee in the same household as her brother-in-law William Thorndike and his family. (Her sister Martha died in September 1870.) Their household included servants Gena Darnell and Nora White in 1870, and Minnie O'Donel and Sue Smith in 1880.^11,12 In December 1894 he moved with his son Abbot to Wauwatosa, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, where they roomed at the home of a Mr. Adams (probably George P. Adams, at whose home his funeral was held).¹³
     His will was dated 6 April 1895, and named his nephew Abbot Thorndike as executor. A codicil dated 8 October 1895 added his friend Benjamin K. Miller Jr. as co-executor. He left everything to a trust, with his executors as trustees. From the trust income, an annuity of $12/month was to be paid to his mother Harriett McClure during her lifetime. The rest of the income was to be used for the support of his son Abbot until age 25, at which point he was to receive all of the estate. If his son were to pre-decease him, or die before age 25 without issue and without a will, legacies ranging from $1000 to $5000 were to be paid to his mother, sister, and various nieces and nephews, including Georgiana Bowditch, and Paul, Abbot, and William Thorndike.
     The final decree was made in Milwaukee County Court on 7 June 1904. The estate then consisted of $9.97 in cash, securities worth $24,216.60, 30 shares of Eagle Horse Shoe Co. stock, 200 shares of Superior Gold & Silver Co. stock, and 3000 shares of Wisconsin & Arizona Mining Co. stock. (The stock, however, was probably of little or no value. The estate inventory, filed on 24 January 1899, noted that the value of the Eagle Horse Shoe Co. stock was "not ascertained," and the remaining stock was "appraised as worthless.") All of the estate was transferred to his son Abbot, who had turned 25 on 8 January 1904, except for a small portion of the securities (a $1000 mortgage) that remained in trust with the executors, with the income used to pay the annuity to Harriett McClure, who was still living.¹⁴

More Information / Background

• Panic of 1893.
  

     Frederick Abbot was born on 15 August 1841 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^1,3,4,5 He married Emily Lynde Whiting, daughter of Oliver Jaquith Whiting and Elizabeth Thorndike Lynde, on 7 June 1865 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁶ He died from a cerebral hemorrhage on 8 July 1903 in a third-floor hallway of the Colby-Abbot Building (offices of the Wisconsin Central Railroad) in Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, at age 61.^2,7 He was buried at Central Cemetery (Sub Division 7, Lot 207) in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.^2,8
     His mother died, apparently by suicide, in June 1851 when he was 9 years old, barely three years after his father's death in 1848. On 30 September 1851 John I. Baker of Beverly was appointed as his guardian, and of his sisters Martha and Ellen. This guardianship was apparently only for the children's financial interests; there's no evidence that they ever lived with him.^9,10
     From comments in letters written by Martha and Ellen to their sister Elizabeth in North Carolina, it appears that after their parents' deaths the children remained in their family home in Beverly, and that Sarah Bowditch, sister of Elizabeth's husband Joseph Henry Bowditch, moved there to care for them. (The children had two older brothers, George W. Abbot (25, who Sarah would marry in 1855) and John E. Abbot (19), but both were unmarried, and as mariners were often away at sea.)^{11,12,13,14,15,16}
     He was listed in Beverly in the 1855 Massachusetts state census living with his brother George and George's new wife Sarah, along with his siblings John, Martha, and Ellen. Living with them were servants Julia Corbett (age 21, born in Ireland) and Mariano Mastin (25, born in Manila).¹⁷ He was again listed in Beverly in the 1860 census, along with George, John, Martha, and Ellen, and a servant Hannah Corbet (age 25, born in Ireland).^18,19
     He lived in New York, New York, from about October 1864 to August 1865²⁰, and was working as a clerk at the time of his marriage.⁶ He and his wife Emily probably moved back to Beverly about August 1865 when he started a new job in Boston.²⁰ They were living there when their daughter Cora was born in April 1866, and in her birth record his occupation was listed as bookkeeper.²¹ They probably moved to Boston proper sometime between then and January 1871, when he joined Page, Richardson & Co., a banking and credit firm.²² When their daughter Emily was born there on 6 March 1872 his occupation was listed as banker.²³
     The family later moved to Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, where his sisters Martha and Ellen had moved in 1865, probably about 1879 as Frederick first appears in a Milwaukee city directory in 1880.²⁴ He and his wife Emily were then living at 658 Van Buren St. in Milwaukee, with a servant, Mary Murphy age 26.²⁵ They moved to 705 Van Buren St. by 1883²⁶, and to 765 Van Buren St. by 1887.²⁷
     After the death of their daughter Cora in 1889 they apparently took in her infant son John Abbot Hathaway. He is listed with them in Milwaukee in the 1900 census at age 10, along with two nurses, a servant, and a cook.²⁸
     Frederick worked for the Wisconsin Central Railroad in Milwaukee, starting as a clerk. He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a land agent by 1883, and comptroller by 1887.²⁹ He was appointed vice president on 12 April 1890, but also continued his duties as assistant treasurer.³⁰ He was also a director of the Wisconsin Trust Co., and of the Milwaukee Title Insurance Co., elected to both positions on 21 July 1890.³¹
     In May 1898 he suffered an apparent stroke while in New York.^7,32 His nephew Dr. William Thorndike of Milwaukee traveled there, and brought him home on a private Wisconsin Central business car that had been sent for them.³² He spent several weeks recuperating in Mackinac, Michigan,³³ and returned to work part time in late September. He had apparently stepped down as vice president of the railroad after his illness; when he returned to work it was as assistant treasurer and land commissioner.^34,35 He resigned his position at the Wisconsin Central in November 1900³⁶, and at the Wisconsin Trust Co. in January 1901.³⁷
     After his retirement he and his wife Emily moved to Annapolis, Anne Arundel Co., Maryland, possibly to be closer to their daughter Edith, and possibly due to Emily's mental condition, or both.^38,39 He returned to Milwaukee about May 1903 to visit friends, and died there at his old Wisconsin Central office building.³⁸
     His will was dated 2 December 1902 in Annapolis where he was then living. He left his daughter Edith Abbot McCormick all of his furniture, china, glass, silver, and house furnishings at his residence at 765 Van Buren St., as well as boxes of silver in the vault of the National Exchange Bank in Milwaukee. He also left $5000 to B. K. Miller Jr. to be distributed to parties named in a private letter that had been sent to him, and stipulated that "he shall not be required to disclose said letter or persons named therein or to account for his disposition of said sum."
     The rest of his estate was left in trust for his wife Emily, with B. K. Miller Jr. and John E. Hathaway (husband of his deceased daughter Cora) named as executors and trustees. The income from the estate was to go to Emily, and if it was insufficient, as determined by his daughter Edith, the principal could be used. At his wife's death half the trust was to go to his daughter Edith, or her children if she had died, and the other half to his grandson John Abbot Hathaway at age 25. He also specifically gave permission for his trustees to buy and sell real estate, and to invest in legal securities, in notes secured by insurance companies, and in first mortgage bonds of any U. S. railroad that had paid dividends on all its stock for the preceding ten years.⁴⁰
     The will was presented in court on 27 July 1903, and admitted to probate on 9 September 1903. For the various hearings held during the probate process a guardian ad litem was appointed to represent the interests of his widow Emily Abbot, who had been declared insane.⁴⁰
     The executors' final account was filed on 3 November 1904, and approved by the court on 4 March 1905. It listed personal property consisting of stocks, bonds, and loans, valued at $51,513.40. It also listed real estate consisting of four lots in Milwaukee, and several other parcels of land in eight other Wisconsin counties, most in the northern third of the state.⁴⁰

More Information / Background

• Wisconsin Central Railway.
  

     Emily Lynde Whiting was born on 11 January 1843 in New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana.¹ She married Frederick Abbot, son of George Abbot and Nancy Stickney, on 7 June 1865 in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.² She died at age 85 on 5 September 1928 in Baltimore, Baltimore Co., Maryland, according to her obituary in The Milwaukee Journal, or on 4 September 1928 in nearby Catonsville, according to her death notice in the Washington Post.^3,4 She was buried at Central Cemetery in Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts.⁵
     She and her husband Frederick lived in New York, New York, for the first two months of their marriage⁶, but probably moved back to Beverly, Essex Co., Massachusetts, about August 1865 when Frederick started a new job in Boston, Suffolk Co., Massachusetts.⁷ They were living there when their daughter Cora was born in April 1866.⁸ They probably moved to Boston proper sometime between then and January 1871, when he joined Page, Richardson & Co., a banking and credit firm.⁹
     The family later moved to Milwaukee, Milwaukee Co., Wisconsin, where her husband's sisters Martha and Ellen had moved in 1865, probably about 1879 as Frederick first appears in a Milwaukee city directory in 1880.¹⁰ They were then living at 658 Van Buren St. in Milwaukee, with a servant, Mary Murphy age 26.¹¹ They moved to 705 Van Buren St. by 1883¹², and to 765 Van Buren St. by 1887.¹³
     After the death of their daughter Cora in 1889 they apparently took in her infant son John Abbot Hathaway. He is listed with them in Milwaukee in the 1900 census at age 10, along with two nurses, a servant, and a cook.¹⁴
     She served as vice president of Milwaukee General Hospital, a private facility, from the time of its founding in 1891 until at least 1898. The hospital had no physicians on its staff, but served as a place where doctors could send patients who needed professional nursing care, and where student nurses could be trained.¹⁵ She was also president of the Wisconsin Training School for Nurses in Milwaukee from 1890 to 1896^16,17,18, and in October 1892 she was appointed to the board of visitors of the University of Wisconsin for 1892-93.¹⁹
     After her husband's retirement at the end of 1900 they moved to Annapolis, Anne Arundel Co., Maryland, possibly to be closer to their daughter Edith, and possibly due to Emily's mental condition, or both.^20,21
     She suffered from some form of mental illness late in her life. She was declared insane when her husband's estate was being settled in 1903, and her daughter Edith was appointed as her guardian. She is listed in the 1910 and 1920 censuses at the Gundry Sanitarium, a private facility in Baltimore, Maryland, for treating selected nervous and mental disorders in women.^22,23,24

     Carl W. Hanson was born on 30 December 1880 in Eldsberga, Halland Co., Sweden.^3,1 He married Jennie Ophelia Nelson, daughter of Nanne Nilsson and Christina Johansdotter, on 14 April 1906 in Chicago, Cook Co., Illinois.^5,2 He died on 13 April 1966 at West Suburban Hospital in Oak Park, Cook Co., Illinois, at age 85 after suffering a heart attack.⁴ Funeral services were held at the Peterson Funeral Home in Chicago, Illinois, on 16 April 1966, with Rev. Einer Einerson officiating. Internment was at Elmwood Cemetery in River Grove, Cook Co., Illinois.⁴
     He emigrated from Sweden to the United States in 1903 leaving Eldsberga, Halland Co., on 10 March 1903 (church records in Chicago say he arrived in 1902).^6,7 He became a naturalized citizen on 22 November 1923.⁸
     In 1910 he and his wife Jennie were living in a rented house at 5914 Chicago Ave. in Chicago, Cook Co., Illinois. Living with them as a boarder was John Nelson, age 31 and born in Sweden, who had immigrated to the United States in 1902, and is most likely Jennie's brother Nils. At the same address, but listed in the census as a separate family, was a widower named Antonios Olson, age 51, born in Norway.⁹
     In late 1912 the family moved back to Sweden due to Jennie's health. She eventually recovered^7,10, and they returned to the United States in 1914. They left Gothenburg, Sweden, on 29 April on the ship Salmo, bound for Grimsby, England.^11,12 From there they must have traveled overland to Liverpool, England, where they sailed on the SS Caronia on 2 May, arriving in New York on 11 May.¹³ Jennie's sister Augusta traveled with them, as a separate party.^14,15
     In 1915, when their son Carl was born, they were living at 1009 N. Mayfield Ave. in Chicago.¹⁶ By 1920 they had purchased a nearby house at 5913 Augusta St., where they lived from at least 1920 until Carl's death in 1966.^{17,18,19,20,4}
     He was working as a street laborer in 1910, but was a cement worker most of his life.^{9,16,17,18,19,20,4}

     Jennie Ofelia Nilsson was born on 17 March 1880 in Eftra, Halland Co., Sweden.^1,2,3,4 She married Carl W. Hanson, son of Hans Svensson and Anna Persdotter, on 14 April 1906 in Chicago, Cook Co., Illinois.^5,2 She died on 24 July 1973 in Cook Co., Illinois, at age 93.^6,7 Funeral services were held at the Peterson Funeral Home in Chicago, Illinois, on 26 July 1973, with Rev. Leonard Johnson officiating. Interment was at Elmwood Cemetery in River Grove, Cook Co., Illinois.⁶
     She and her brother Nils emigrated together from Sweden to the United States in 1902.^8,9,10 She became a naturalized citizen by 1930.¹¹
     Records in Sweden spell her given name as Jenny Ofelia^12,13, but records in the United States generally list her as Jennie Ophelia, with the maiden surname Nelson.^5,4,2
     In 1910 she and her husband Carl were living in a rented house at 5914 Chicago Ave. in Chicago, Cook Co., Illinois. Living with them as a boarder was John Nelson, age 31 and born in Sweden, who had immigrated to the United States in 1902, and is most likely Jennie's brother Nils. At the same address, but listed in the census as a separate family, was a widower named Antonios Olson, age 51, born in Norway.⁹
     In late 1912 the family moved back to Sweden due to Jennie's health. She eventually recovered^14,15, and they returned to the United States in 1914. They left Gothenburg, Sweden, on 29 April on the ship Salmo, bound for Grimsby, England.^16,17 From there they must have traveled overland to Liverpool, England, where they sailed on the SS Caronia on 2 May, arriving in New York on 11 May.¹⁸ Jennie's sister Augusta traveled with them, as a separate party.^19,20
     In 1915, when their son Carl was born, they were living at 1009 N. Mayfield Ave. in Chicago.⁴ By 1920 they had purchased a nearby house at 5913 Augusta St., where they lived from at least 1920 until Carl's death in 1966.^{21,11,22,23,24}

     Hans Svensson was born on 30 September 1842 in Laholm, Halland Co., Sweden,^1,4 and baptized on 2 October 1842 in Ysby, Halland Co.¹ He married Anna Persdotter, daughter of Pehr Pehrsson and Ingar Pehrsdotter.³ He died "of his own hand" on 23 June 1895 in Eldsberga, Halland Co., Sweden, at age 52, from grief after his wife's death three months earlier (although the cause of death in his death record appears to be kväljningar, which means nausea).^5,3
     He and his wife Anna lived in Eldsberga, Halland Co., Sweden.^4,6 His death in 1895 left four children under 18 without parents - Petrinella (16), Carl (14), Henrika (11), and Josefina (9).⁶

     Anna Persdotter was born on 24 June 1844 in Tönnersjö, Halland Co., Sweden,^1,2,4 and baptized there on 28 June 1844.² She married Hans Svensson, son of Sven Svensson and Helena Börjesdotter.⁴ She died from complications of appendicitis on 12 March 1895 in Eldsberga, Halland Co., Sweden, at age 50.^5,4
     She and her husband Hans lived in Eldsberga, Halland Co., Sweden.^1,6